Ethnobotany
With the support of the National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT), research is carried out to rescue knowledge about the use of plants, revaluing the biocultural heritage of the region.
Agaves, Izotes and Teaspoons
- The magueyes are plants with which beverages, fibers and construction materials are made, among other products.
- Guanajuato has 12 species of magueyes, which are exhibited in the Botanical Garden.
- Unlike other succulent plants, both the magueyes and the genera yucca Y dasylirion They are characterized by their structure in rosettes.
- Of the 40 species of agaves recorded on the continent, 30 are native to Mexico.
Nopales and Xoconostle
- Guanajuato has an ancestral cultural heritage in the use of this resource.
- The prickly pear (fruit) and the pencas (cladode) are the main food source in semi-arid zones.
- They are also used for fodder, dyeing (cochineal), medicinal, ornamental and food (beverages).
Plants for Traditional Use
- In Guanajuato, nearly 500 species used by native peoples since ancient times have been recorded.
- They are medicinal, food, honey, forage, fuel, timber, ornamental, ceremonial, dye plants, in addition to providing fibers and material for construction and handicrafts.
- Plants represent a biocultural and economic value for the subsistence of rural communities.
Healing plants
- In Guanajuato, there are countless medicinal plants for traditional use, a product of the hybridization of pre-Columbian herbalism and that introduced from Europe and other parts of the world.
- The parts of the plants are used to treat multiple diseases, some are ingested directly or prepared in infusions, ointments or other presentations.
Useful plants of the north and northwest of Guanajuato
Congora
Applications: Medicinal
| Family | Gender | Species | |
| Acanthaceae | Justice | spigera | |
| Ruellia | nudiflora | ||
| Amaranthaceae | alternanthera | caracasana | |
| Amaranthus | hybridus | ||
| dysphania | ambrosioides | ||
| dysphania | graveolens | ||
| Gomphrena | serrated | ||
| Anacampserotaceae | Talinopsis | frutescens | |
| Anacardiaceae | rhus | pachyrrhachis | |
| Apiaceae | eryngium | heterophyllum | |
| Apocynaceae | milkweed | curassavic | |
| milkweed | linaria | ||
| jingle bell | thevetioides | ||
| plumeria | rubra | ||
| Asparagaceae | Agave | gentryi | |
| Agave | lettuce | ||
| Agave | tequilana | ||
| Agave | americana | ||
| Agave | americana var. variegate | ||
| Agave | flattened | ||
| Agave | difformis | ||
| Agave | filifera | ||
| Agave | salmiana | ||
| dasylirion | acrotrichum | ||
| Mile | biflora | ||
| yucca | filifera | ||
| yucca | guatemalensis | ||
| Asteraceae | artemisia | ludoviciana | |
| Baccharis | conference | ||
| Baccharis | salicifolia | ||
| barkleyanthus | salicifolius | ||
| Biden's | hairy | ||
| Brickellia | scoparia | ||
| Brickellia | veronicifolia | ||
| Brickellia | cavanillesii | ||
| chrysactinia | mexican | ||
| Cosmos | bipinnatus | ||
| Dahlia | coccinea | ||
| gymnosperm | glutinosum | ||
| Helenium | mexicanum | ||
| Heliopsis | longipes | ||
| heterotheca | inuloids | ||
| Parthenium | bipinnatifidum | ||
| piqueria | trinervia | ||
| Porophyllum | linaria | ||
| Porophyllum | ruderale | ||
| Pseudognaphalium | oxyphyllum | ||
| Sanvitalia | procumbens | ||
| Tagetes | erect | ||
| Tagetes | filifolia | ||
| Tagetes | lucid | ||
| Tagetes | lunulate | ||
| Thymophylla | setifolia | ||
| Tithonia | tubaeformis | ||
| Zaluzania | august | ||
| Zinnia | Peruvian | ||
| basellaceae | Anredera | cordifolia | |
| Bignoniaceae | Tecoma | stans | |
| Brassicaceae | lepidium | virginicum | |
| bromeliaceae | Hechtia | glomerate | |
| tillandsia | recurvate | ||
| tillandsia | usneoides | ||
| Burseraceae | Bursera | copallifera | |
| Bursera | phagaroids | ||
| Bursera | bipinnata | ||
| Bursera | palmeri | ||
| cacti | Coryphantha | erect | |
| Cylindropuntia | imbricated | ||
| Echinocereus | pentalophus | ||
| Ferocactus | histrix | ||
| Ferocactus | latispinus | ||
| Lophocereus | marginatus | ||
| Mammillaria | magnimamma | ||
| myrtillocactus | geometrizans | ||
| Nyctocereus | serpentinus | ||
| opuntia | carnillifera | ||
| opuntia | leave | ||
| opuntia | engelmannii | ||
| opuntia | Karwinskian | ||
| opuntia | robust | ||
| opuntia | auberi | ||
| opuntia | elizondoana | ||
| opuntia | ficus-indica | ||
| opuntia | joconostle | ||
| opuntia | lasiacantha | ||
| opuntia | leukotricha | ||
| opuntia | microdasys | ||
| opuntia | stenopetala | ||
| opuntia | streptacantha | ||
| opuntia | tomentosa | ||
| opuntia | undulata | ||
| Stenocereus | griseus | ||
| Stenocereus | dumortieri | ||
| Stenocereus | queretaroensis | ||
| Campanulaceae | Lobelia | laxiflora | |
| cannabaceae | Celtis | pale | |
| Canna | indicates | ||
| Cleomaceae | Polanisia | uniglandulosa | |
| Commelinaceae | Commelina | erect | |
| tradescantia | crassifolia | ||
| tradescantia | chairmountain | ||
| tradescantia | zebrina var. zebrina | ||
| Convolvulaceae | dichondra | silver | |
| Ipomoea | cairica | ||
| Ipomoea | stans | ||
| Ipomoea | longifolia | ||
| Ipomoea | murucoides | ||
| Crassulaceae | sedum | dendroideum | |
| sedum | muscoideum | ||
| sedum | pachyphyllum | ||
| sedum | palmeri | ||
| Cucurbitaceae | Apodanthera | undulata | |
| Cucurbita | foetidissima | ||
| Cucurbita | pepo | ||
| Sechium | edule | ||
| Cupressaceae | Cupressus | lusitanica | |
| taxodium | mucronatum | ||
| Ebenaceae | Diospyros | black | |
| Equisetaceae | equisetum | hyemale | |
| Euphorbiaceae | Acalypha | monostachya | |
| Argythamnia | dyeing | ||
| cnidoscolus | aconitifolius | ||
| Euphorbia | heterophylla | ||
| Euphorbia | pulcherrima | ||
| jatropha | dioecious | ||
| tragedy | nepetifolia | ||
| Fabaceae | acaciella | anguished | |
| bronchitis | intermediate | ||
| Give to | bicolor | ||
| Give to | leafy | ||
| erythrina | americana | ||
| eysenhardtia | polystachya | ||
| Leucaena | leucocephala | ||
| Phaseolus | vulgaris | ||
| Pithecellobium | sweet | ||
| Prosopis | laevigata | ||
| Senna | septemtrialis | ||
| Vachellia | farnesian | ||
| Vachellia | pennatula | ||
| Vachellia | schaffneri | ||
| Zornia | thymifolia | ||
| Fagaceae | Quercus | castanea | |
| Quercus | rough | ||
| Quercus | sp. | ||
| Fouquieriaceae | Fouquieria | splendens | |
| iridaceae | tiger | pavonia | |
| Juglandaceae | Carya | illinoinensis | |
| Lamiaceae | Agastache | mexican | |
| clinopodium | mexicanum | ||
| hyptis | albid | ||
| Sage | microphylla | ||
| Lauraceae | Persea | americana | |
| Loasaceae | Mentzelia | hispid | |
| Lythraceae | Cuphea | aequipetala | |
| Heimia | salicifolia | ||
| Malpighiaceae | Galphimia | glaucous | |
| Malvaceae | kapok | aesculifolia | |
| Mallow | parviflora | ||
| Pavonia | candidate | ||
| AIDS | rhombifolia | ||
| Sphaeralcea | angustifolia | ||
| Martyniaceae | proboscidea | louisiana | |
| Moraceae | morus | celtidifolia | |
| Myrtaceae | psydium | guava | |
| Nyctaginaceae | mirabilis | jalapa | |
| oleaceae | Forestiera | phillyreoides | |
| Fraxinus | uhdei | ||
| Onagraceae | Oenothera | rosea | |
| Orchidaceae | Laelia | speciosa | |
| Oxalidaceae | Oxalis | broadleaf | |
| Papaveraceae | argemone | ochroleuca | |
| Passifloraceae | turnera | diffuse | |
| Petiveriaceae | Rivine | humilis | |
| Phytolaccaceae | Phytolacca | icosandra | |
| Pinaceae | Abies | religious | |
| pine | cembroids | ||
| pine | sp. | ||
| Piperaceae | Peperomia | macrostachyos | |
| Platanaceae | Platanus | mexican | |
| Poaceae | Muhlenbergia | quadridentata | |
| Zea | mays | ||
| Polemoniaceae | Loeselia | mexican | |
| Portulacaceae | Portulaca | oleracea | |
| pteridaceae | Astrolepis | sinuous | |
| Rhamnaceae | Condalia | velutine | |
| Karwinskia | humboldtian | ||
| Rosaceae | Malacomeles | denticulata | |
| prunus | serotonin | ||
| Purshia | mexican | ||
| Rubiaceae | Bouvardia | ternifolia | |
| Rutaceae | Casimir | edulis | |
| Ptelea | trifoliate | ||
| Salicaceae | Populus | fremontii | |
| Salix | humboldtian | ||
| Sapindaceae | Dodonaea | viscose | |
| cardiospermum | halicacabum | ||
| Scrophulariaceae | Buddleja | scordioides | |
| Buddleja | cordata | ||
| Selaginellaceae | Selaginella | lepidophylla | |
| solanaceae | capsicum | annum var. glabriusculum | |
| Datura | ceratocaula | ||
| Datura | stromium | ||
| solanum | nigrescens | ||
| solanum | rostratum | ||
| solanum | elaeagnifolium | ||
| Typhaceae | Typha | broadleaf | |
| Ericaceae | Arctostaphylos | pungens | |
| Verbenaceae | Aloysia | citrodora | |
| Aloysia | very free | ||
| glandular | elegant | ||
| lantana | camera | ||
| lippia | umbellate | ||
| lippia | origanoids |
Useful plants of the north and northwest of Guanajuato
Congora
Applications: Medicinal
| Family: Acanthaceae Gender: Justice Species: spigera |
|
| Family: Gender: Ruellia Species: nudiflora |
|
| Family: Amaranthaceae Gender: alternanthera Species: caracasana |
|
| Family: Gender: Amaranthus Species: hybridus |
|
| Family: Gender: dysphania Species: ambrosioides |
|
| Family: Gender: dysphania Species: graveolens |
|
| Family: Gender: Gomphrena Species: serrated |
|
| Family: Anacampserotaceae Gender: Talinopsis Species: frutescens |
|
| Family: Anacardiaceae Gender: rhus Species: pachyrrhachis |
|
| Family: Apiaceae Gender: eryngium Species: heterophyllum |
|
| Family: Apocynaceae Gender: milkweed Species: curassavic |
|
| Family: Gender: milkweed Species: linaria |
|
| Family: Gender: jingle bell Species: thevetioides |
|
| Family: Gender: plumeria Species: rubra |
|
| Family: Asparagaceae Gender: Agave Species: gentryi |
|
| Family: Gender: Agave Species: lettuce |
|
| Family: Gender: Agave Species: tequilana |
|
| Family: Gender: Agave Species: americana |
|
| Family: Gender: Agave Species: americana var. variegate |
|
| Family: Gender: Agave Species: flattened |
|
| Family: Gender: Agave Species: difformis |
|
| Family: Gender: Agave Species: filifera |
|
| Family: Gender: Agave Species: salmiana |
|
| Family: Gender: dasylirion Species: acrotrichum |
|
| Family: Gender: Mile Species: biflora |
|
| Family: Gender: yucca Species: filifera |
|
| Family: Gender: yucca Species: guatemalensis |
|
| Family: Asteraceae Gender: artemisia Species: ludoviciana |
|
| Family: Gender: Baccharis Species: conference |
|
| Family: Gender: Baccharis Species: salicifolia |
|
| Family: Gender: barkleyanthus Species: salicifolius |
|
| Family: Gender: Biden's Species: hairy |
|
| Family: Gender: Brickellia Species: scoparia |
|
| Family: Gender: Brickellia Species: veronicifolia |
|
| Family: Gender: Brickellia Species: cavanillesii |
|
| Family: Gender: chrysactinia Species: mexican |
|
| Family: Gender: Cosmos Species: bipinnatus |
|
| Family: Gender: Dahlia Species: coccinea |
|
| Family: Gender: gymnosperm Species: glutinosum |
|
| Family: Gender: Helenium Species: mexicanum |
|
| Family: Gender: Heliopsis Species: longipes |
|
| Family: Gender: heterotheca Species: inuloids |
|
| Family: Gender: Parthenium Species: bipinnatifidum |
|
| Family: Gender: piqueria Species: trinervia |
|
| Family: Gender: Porophyllum Species: linaria |
|
| Family: Gender: Porophyllum Species: ruderale |
|
| Family: Gender: Pseudognaphalium Species: oxyphyllum |
|
| Family: Gender: Sanvitalia Species: procumbens |
|
| Family: Gender: Tagetes Species: erect |
|
| Family: Gender: Tagetes Species: filifolia |
|
| Family: Gender: Tagetes Species: lucid |
|
| Family: Gender: Tagetes Species: lunulate |
|
| Family: Gender: Thymophylla Species: setifolia |
|
| Family: Gender: Tithonia Species: tubaeformis |
|
| Family: Gender: Zaluzania Species: august |
|
| Family: Gender: Zinnia Species: Peruvian |
|
| Family: basellaceae Gender: Anredera Species: cordifolia |
|
| Family: Bignoniaceae Gender: Tecoma Species: stans |
|
| Family: Brassicaceae Gender: lepidium Species: virginicum |
|
| Family: bromeliaceae Gender: Hechtia Species: glomerate |
|
| Family: Gender: tillandsia Species: recurvate |
|
| Family: Gender: tillandsia Species: usneoides |
|
| Family: Burseraceae Gender: Bursera Species: copallifera |
|
| Family: Gender: Bursera Species: phagaroids |
|
| Family: Gender: Bursera Species: bipinnata |
|
| Family: Gender: Bursera Species: palmeri |
|
| Family: cacti Gender: Coryphantha Species: erect |
|
| Family: Gender: Cylindropuntia Species: imbricated |
|
| Family: Gender: Echinocereus Species: pentalophus |
|
| Family: Gender: Ferocactus Species: histrix |
|
| Family: Gender: Ferocactus Species: latispinus |
|
| Family: Gender: Lophocereus Species: marginatus |
|
| Family: Gender: Mammillaria Species: magnimamma |
|
| Family: Gender: myrtillocactus Species: geometrizans |
|
| Family: Gender: Nyctocereus Species: serpentinus |
|
| Family: Gender: opuntia Species: carnillifera |
|
| Family: Gender: opuntia Species: leave |
|
| Family: Gender: opuntia Species: engelmannii |
|
| Family: Gender: opuntia Species: Karwinskian |
|
| Family: Gender: opuntia Species: robust |
|
| Family: Gender: opuntia Species: auberi |
|
| Family: Gender: opuntia Species: elizondoana |
|
| Family: Gender: opuntia Species: ficus-indica |
|
| Family: Gender: opuntia Species: joconostle |
|
| Family: Gender: opuntia Species: lasiacantha |
|
| Family: Gender: opuntia Species: leukotricha |
|
| Family: Gender: opuntia Species: microdasys |
|
| Family: Gender: opuntia Species: stenopetala |
|
| Family: Gender: opuntia Species: streptacantha |
|
| Family: Gender: opuntia Species: tomentosa |
|
| Family: Gender: opuntia Species: undulata |
|
| Family: Gender: Stenocereus Species: griseus |
|
| Family: Gender: Stenocereus Species: dumortieri |
|
| Family: Gender: Stenocereus Species: queretaroensis |
|
| Family: Campanulaceae Gender: Lobelia Species: laxiflora |
|
| Family: cannabaceae Gender: Celtis Species: pale |
|
| Family: Gender: Canna Species: indicates |
|
| Family: Cleomaceae Gender: Polanisia Species: uniglandulosa |
|
| Family: Commelinaceae Gender: Commelina Species: erect |
|
| Family: Gender: tradescantia Species: crassifolia |
|
| Family: Gender: tradescantia Species: chairmountain |
|
| Family: Gender: tradescantia Species: zebrina var. zebrina |
|
| Family: Convolvulaceae Gender: dichondra Species: silver |
|
| Family: Gender: Ipomoea Species: cairica |
|
| Family: Gender: Ipomoea Species: stans |
|
| Family: Gender: Ipomoea Species: longifolia |
|
| Family: Gender: Ipomoea Species: murucoides |
|
| Family: Crassulaceae Gender: sedum Species: dendroideum |
|
| Family: Gender: sedum Species: muscoideum |
|
| Family: Gender: sedum Species: pachyphyllum |
|
| Family: Gender: sedum Species: palmeri |
|
| Family: Cucurbitaceae Gender: Apodanthera Species: undulata |
|
| Family: Gender: Cucurbita Species: foetidissima |
|
| Family: Gender: Cucurbita Species: pepo |
|
| Family: Gender: Sechium Species: edule |
|
| Family: Cupressaceae Gender: Cupressus Species: lusitanica |
|
| Family: Gender: taxodium Species: mucronatum |
|
| Family: Ebenaceae Gender: Diospyros Species: black |
|
| Family: Equisetaceae Gender: equisetum Species: hyemale |
|
| Family: Euphorbiaceae Gender: Acalypha Species: monostachya |
|
| Family: Gender: Argythamnia Species: dyeing |
|
| Family: Gender: cnidoscolus Species: aconitifolius |
|
| Family: Gender: Euphorbia Species: heterophylla |
|
| Family: Gender: Euphorbia Species: pulcherrima |
|
| Family: Gender: jatropha Species: dioecious |
|
| Family: Gender: tragedy Species: nepetifolia |
|
| Family: Fabaceae Gender: acaciella Species: anguished |
|
| Family: Gender: bronchitis Species: intermediate |
|
| Family: Gender: Give to Species: bicolor |
|
| Family: Gender: Give to Species: leafy |
|
| Family: Gender: erythrina Species: americana |
|
| Family: Gender: eysenhardtia Species: polystachya |
|
| Family: Gender: Leucaena Species: leucocephala |
|
| Family: Gender: Phaseolus Species: vulgaris |
|
| Family: Gender: Pithecellobium Species: sweet |
|
| Family: Gender: Prosopis Species: laevigata |
|
| Family: Gender: Senna Species: septemtrialis |
|
| Family: Gender: Vachellia Species: farnesian |
|
| Family: Gender: Vachellia Species: pennatula |
|
| Family: Gender: Vachellia Species: schaffneri |
|
| Family: Gender: Zornia Species: thymifolia |
|
| Family: Fagaceae Gender: Quercus Species: castanea |
|
| Family: Gender: Quercus Species: rough |
|
| Family: Gender: Quercus Species: sp. |
|
| Family: Fouquieriaceae Gender: Fouquieria Species: splendens |
|
| Family: iridaceae Gender: tiger Species: pavonia |
|
| Family: Juglandaceae Gender: Carya Species: illinoinensis |
|
| Family: Lamiaceae Gender: Agastache Species: mexican |
|
| Family: Gender: clinopodium Species: mexicanum |
|
| Family: Gender: hyptis Species: albid |
|
| Family: Gender: Sage Species: microphylla |
|
| Family: Lauraceae Gender: Persea Species: americana |
|
| Family: Loasaceae Gender: Mentzelia Species: hispid |
|
| Family: Lythraceae Gender: Cuphea Species: aequipetala |
|
| Family: Gender: Heimia Species: salicifolia |
|
| Family: Malpighiaceae Gender: Galphimia Species: glaucous |
|
| Family: Malvaceae Gender: kapok Species: aesculifolia |
|
| Family: Gender: Mallow Species: parviflora |
|
| Family: Gender: Pavonia Species: candidate |
|
| Family: Gender: AIDS Species: rhombifolia |
|
| Family: Gender: Sphaeralcea Species: angustifolia |
|
| Family: Martyniaceae Gender: proboscidea Species: louisiana |
|
| Family: Moraceae Gender: morus Species: celtidifolia |
|
| Family: Myrtaceae Gender: psydium Species: guava |
|
| Family: Nyctaginaceae Gender: mirabilis Species: jalapa |
|
| Family: oleaceae Gender: Forestiera Species: phillyreoides |
|
| Family: Gender: Fraxinus Species: uhdei |
|
| Family: Onagraceae Gender: Oenothera Species: rosea |
|
| Family: Orchidaceae Gender: Laelia Species: speciosa |
|
| Family: Oxalidaceae Gender: Oxalis Species: broadleaf |
|
| Family: Papaveraceae Gender: argemone Species: ochroleuca |
|
| Family: Passifloraceae Gender: turnera Species: diffuse |
|
| Family: Petiveriaceae Gender: Rivine Species: humilis |
|
| Family: Phytolaccaceae Gender: Phytolacca Species: icosandra |
|
| Family: Pinaceae Gender: Abies Species: religious |
|
| Family: Gender: pine Species: cembroids |
|
| Family: Gender: pine Species: sp. |
|
| Family: Piperaceae Gender: Peperomia Species: macrostachyos |
|
| Family: Platanaceae Gender: Platanus Species: mexican |
|
| Family: Poaceae Gender: Muhlenbergia Species: quadridentata |
|
| Family: Gender: Zea Species: mays |
|
| Family: Polemoniaceae Gender: Loeselia Species: mexican |
|
| Family: Portulacaceae Gender: Portulaca Species: oleracea |
|
| Family: pteridaceae Gender: Astrolepis Species: sinuous |
|
| Family: Rhamnaceae Gender: Condalia Species: velutine |
|
| Family: Gender: Karwinskia Species: humboldtian |
|
| Family: Rosaceae Gender: Malacomeles Species: denticulata |
|
| Family: Gender: prunus Species: serotonin |
|
| Family: Gender: Purshia Species: mexican |
|
| Family: Rubiaceae Gender: Bouvardia Species: ternifolia |
|
| Family: Rutaceae Gender: Casimir Species: edulis |
|
| Family: Gender: Ptelea Species: trifoliate |
|
| Family: Salicaceae Gender: Populus Species: fremontii |
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| Family: Gender: Salix Species: humboldtian |
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| Family: Sapindaceae Gender: Dodonaea Species: viscose |
|
| Family: Gender: cardiospermum Species: halicacabum |
|
| Family: Scrophulariaceae Gender: Buddleja Species: scordioides |
|
| Family: Gender: Buddleja Species: cordata |
|
| Family: Selaginellaceae Gender: Selaginella Species: lepidophylla |
|
| Family: solanaceae Gender: capsicum Species: annum var. glabriusculum |
|
| Family: Gender: Datura Species: ceratocaula |
|
| Family: Gender: Datura Species: stromium |
|
| Family: Gender: solanum Species: nigrescens |
|
| Family: Gender: solanum Species: rostratum |
|
| Family: Gender: solanum Species: elaeagnifolium |
|
| Family: Typhaceae Gender: Typha Species: broadleaf |
|
| Family: Ericaceae Gender: Arctostaphylos Species: pungens |
|
| Family: Verbenaceae Gender: Aloysia Species: citrodora |
|
| Family: Gender: Aloysia Species: very free |
|
| Family: Gender: glandular Species: elegant |
|
| Family: Gender: lantana Species: camera |
|
| Family: Gender: lippia Species: umbellate |
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| Family: Gender: lippia Species: origanoids |